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Avoir ou être - choix de l'auxiliaire

avoir ou être ?

Choosing the proper auxiliary in composed tenses and passive form

In composed tenses, the verbs are conjugated with the auxiliary 'avoir' or 'être': the tenses are thus composed of a conjugated auxiliary and of the past participle of the verb, past participle whose agreement depends on the auxiliary: with the auxiliary 'avoir', the past participle agrees with the direct object complement (COD) only if there is one that is placed before it in the sentence. With the auxiliary 'être', the past participle agrees with the subject.

All the transitive verbs (those who can have a COD or an indirect object complement COI) are always conjugated with the auxiliary 'avoir' while all the pronominal verbs (those who are conjugated with a reflexive pronoun dealing with the same person or the same object than the subject : je me..., tu te..., il se..., elle se..., on se..., nous nous..., vous vous..., ils se..., elles se...) are always conjugated with the auxiliary 'être'. Some intransitive verbs (those who never have any COD and COI) are conjugated with the auxiliary 'être'. Some verbs describing a motion are conjugated with the auxiliary 'avoir' in a transitive way or with the auxiliary 'être' in an intransitive way. To conclude some verbs describing an exchange are normally conjugated with the auxiliary 'avoir' to put the emphasis on the exchange, but can also be conjugated with the auxiliary 'être' to insist on the result of that exchange.

The passive form, without being a true past participle, is always built with the auxiliary 'être'.

Choose the proper auxiliary.

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1. Nos voisins ontsontaI don't know acheté une voiture neuve.

2. Maman avaientaestI don't know pris un rendez-vous chez le médecin.

3. Ma sœur aînée estavaitseraI don't know divorcée depuis trois ans.

4. Ils ontestsontI don't know partis dès la fin de l'orage.

5. L'ouragan estontaI don't know déraciné un vieil arbre dans le jardin.

6. Mes deux meilleures amies ontaurontsontI don't know allées au cinéma.

7. Il seraaauraI don't know déjà rentré la voiture dans le garage lorsque j'arriverai à la maison.

8. Le rendez-vous étaitavaitauraI don't know pris depuis une semaine.

9. Mes parents pensent que le pneu de la voiture aontestI don't know crevé !

10. Nos amis aurontontserontI don't know rentrés chez eux dès cette nuit.